BLOOD GROPU DETECTION SENSOR

http://tronixtube.890m.com/blood-detection.php

Fig:1 Author's Prototype of blood group detection

BLOOD GROPU DETECTION SENSOR

The proposed idea is to replace the manual work in clinical laboratories for identifying the blood group. For large data may misdeed to maintain the blood sample and records accurately In this new technique, the LASER source and photocell are used to analyse the ABO blood grouping (A, B, O) and Rhesus type testing (Rh +ve and-ve)..
Concept 
Blood sample for which blood group is to be identified is placed in the glass slide between the LASER beam and photocell. After these arrangements, the voltage from the photocell is decreased from due to the variations in LASER beam intensity. Then a drop of antigen is added to a drop of blood sample which is on the transparent glass slide. If the clumping (the agglutination reaction) occurs, then the density of the blood sample changes (high) which in turn changes intensity of light to the photocell. So automatically the level of energization of the photocell is decreased. If the clumping reaction does not occur, then the density of blood sample does not change. So there will be no changes in the level of energization of photocell According to photocell reading we write program for any microcontroller by using ADC or comparator to change this voltage in digital value nothing but 0 & 1

• Laser Diode
• Photo Cell
• Connector

Component Name	Description
Microcontroller ATmega328	The ATmega238 which is 28 pin IC is used for decoding signal from Photosensor.
16 MHz crystal.	Crystal is used to provide the clock foe ATmega328 microcontroller.
Liquid crystal display	It use to display blood group of person
Tactile button.	Is Used for the display result on LCD
LASER Diode:	Is used to shine the laser on photodiode.
Photocell SEN-09088	Is used to measure the intensity of laser.
Voltage Regulators	LM7805:5V Regulator is used to provide 5V power supply

CIRCUIT & WORKING

1) Make a following circuit on breadboard 
2) Build your own power supply 5 v (using 7805 and capacitor 22uf and 10uf )and test crystal frequency on DSO 
3) Draw the following eagle schematic and make eagle board layout 
4) Manufacture this board using normal process called “PCB etching” you can see 
video present on youtube of above keyword 
5) Check proper continuity of copper track and then soldering your component on PCB board 

Fig:2 Proteous Simulation of circuit

Fig:1 Eagle schematic and board layout(for sensor)

Fig:2 Eagle Prototype of Circuit

Now lets move toward Working step by step:

• Connect the blood group sensor output pin to arduino analog pin A1,A2,A3.
• Lcd pin connect to 13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8);//(rs e d4....d7) of ardiuno.
• Now move to programm
• First we will required to sence analog out put from sensor output.
• Then it requird to use table logic given in concept.
• Using this we write program for for arduino.

Fig:3 Serial Monitor Window of arduino.

• Send this data to lcd display using standard LiquidCrystal library.
• Verify the code using Arduino IDE and downlode it to your board.
• Take reading from blood group sensor for more accuracytry.
• Assing this reading value to variable A,B,C in program.

PROGRAMM

Ardiuno uno programmed in 'C' langauge. Ardiuno IDE is aviable to programm your uno.

APPLICATIONS & FURTHER APPROCH

• an average of 200 to 300 blood samples are analysed within 2 to3 hours which can be carried out by old by technicians but when the proposed device is used the same task can be completed within a short period of time with good precision.
• One more added advantage of this proposed device is of affordable cost.. and we can add extra features such as hart monitoring system etc it can be also virtual doctor
• we can designed fully automatic machine for this sensor which help to improve responce of system